The expression of CRGs differed across various cell types in the OA synovium. Additionally, single-cell RNA-seq profiling revealed that the cellular composition of the synovium was complex and that their proportions varied greatly as OA progressed. Moreover, abundant and various types of immune cells infiltrated the synovium during OA, which was correlated with the expression of CRGs. We found that the expression of five CRGs (FDX1, LIPT1, PDHA1, PDHB, and CDKN2A) was significantly increased in the OA synovium. Finally, single-cell RNA-seq profiling was performed using the GSE176308 dataset to investigate the expression of CRGs in the various cell clusters. Immune infiltration and correlation analyses were performed to explore the association between CRGs and immune cell abundance in synovitis. Next, we conducted differential and subtype analyses of CRGs across synovitis. Microarray datasets (GSE55235, GSE55457, GSE12021, GSE82107 and GSE176308) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Therefore, we analyzed CRGs in synovitis during OA. However, few studies have examined the correlations between cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs), immune infiltration, and synovitis. Cuproptosis is a novel form of copper-induced cell death. Synovitis is believed to drive joint cartilage destruction during OA pathogenesis. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common refractory degenerative joint diseases worldwide.
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